在Python的Flask框架中实现单元测试的教程

rm app.db
./db_create.py

del app.db
flask/Scripts/python db_create.py

lalchemy.exc.IntegrityError
IntegrityError: (IntegrityError) column nickname is not unique u'UPDATE user SET nickname=?, about_me=? WHERE user.id = ?' (u'dup', u'', 2)

#!flask/bin/python
from app import app
app.run(debug = False)

./runp.py

@app.errorhandler(404)
def internal_error(error):
return render_template('404.html'), 404
 
@app.errorhandler(500)
def internal_error(error):
db.session.rollback()
return render_template('500.html'), 500

<!-- extend base layout -->
{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block content %}
<h1>File Not Found</h1>
<p><a href="{{url_for('index')}}">Back</a></p>
{% endblock %}

<!-- extend base layout -->
{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block content %}
<h1>An unexpected error has occurred</h1>
<p>The administrator has been notified. Sorry for the inconvenience!</p>
<p><a href="{{url_for('index')}}">Back</a></p>
{% endblock %}

# mail server settings
MAIL_SERVER = 'localhost'
MAIL_PORT = 25
MAIL_USERNAME = None
MAIL_PASSWORD = None
 
# administrator list
ADMINS = ['you@example.com']

from config import basedir, ADMINS, MAIL_SERVER, MAIL_PORT, MAIL_USERNAME, MAIL_PASSWORD
 
if not app.debug:
import logging
from logging.handlers import SMTPHandler
credentials = None
if MAIL_USERNAME or MAIL_PASSWORD:
credentials = (MAIL_USERNAME, MAIL_PASSWORD)
mail_handler = SMTPHandler((MAIL_SERVER, MAIL_PORT), 'no-reply@' + MAIL_SERVER, ADMINS, 'microblog failure', credentials)
mail_handler.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
app.logger.addHandler(mail_handler)

python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer localhost:25

if not app.debug:
import logging
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
file_handler = RotatingFileHandler('tmp/microblog.log', 'a', 1 * 1024 * 1024, 10)
file_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s [in %(pathname)s:%(lineno)d]'))
app.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
app.logger.addHandler(file_handler)
app.logger.info('microblog startup')

if user is None:
nickname = resp.nickname
if nickname is None or nickname == "":
nickname = resp.email.split('@')[0]
nickname = User.make_unique_nickname(nickname)
user = User(nickname = nickname, email = resp.email, role = ROLE_USER)
db.session.add(user)
db.session.commit()

class User(db.Model):
# ...
@staticmethod
def make_unique_nickname(nickname):
if User.query.filter_by(nickname = nickname).first() == None:
return nickname
version = 2
while True:
new_nickname = nickname + str(version)
if User.query.filter_by(nickname = new_nickname).first() == None:
break
version += 1
return new_nickname
# ...

 
class EditForm(Form):
nickname = TextField('nickname', validators = [Required()])
about_me = TextAreaField('about_me', validators = [Length(min = 0, max = 140)])
 
def __init__(self, original_nickname, *args, **kwargs):
Form.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.original_nickname = original_nickname
 
def validate(self):
if not Form.validate(self):
return False
if self.nickname.data == self.original_nickname:
return True
user = User.query.filter_by(nickname = self.nickname.data).first()
if user != None:
self.nickname.errors.append('This nickname is already in use. Please choose another one.')
return False
return True

@app.route('/edit', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def edit():
form = EditForm(g.user.nickname)
# ...

<td>Your nickname:</td>
<td>
{{form.nickname(size = 24)}}
{% for error in form.errors.nickname %}
<br><span style="color: red;">[{{error}}]</span>
{% endfor %}
</td>

#!flask/bin/python
import unittest
 
from config import basedir
from app import app, db
from app.models import User
 
class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
app.config['TESTING'] = True
app.config['CSRF_ENABLED'] = False
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'test.db')
self.app = app.test_client()
db.create_all()
 
def tearDown(self):
db.session.remove()
db.drop_all()
 
def test_avatar(self):
u = User(nickname = 'john', email = 'john@example.com')
avatar = u.avatar(128)
expected = 'http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d4c74594d841139328695756648b6bd6'
assert avatar[0:len(expected)] == expected
 
def test_make_unique_nickname(self):
u = User(nickname = 'john', email = 'john@example.com')
db.session.add(u)
db.session.commit()
nickname = User.make_unique_nickname('john')
assert nickname != 'john'
u = User(nickname = nickname, email = 'susan@example.com')
db.session.add(u)
db.session.commit()
nickname2 = User.make_unique_nickname('john')
assert nickname2 != 'john'
assert nickname2 != nickname
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()

./tests.py