一：网络环境
bind9.4
主机名（hostname）:centos
ip：192.168.1.168
dns：192.168.1.1（配置完后，需要修改，指向192.168.1.168，修改/etc/resolv.conf),
要达到的目的：把这台主机配置成一台dns服务器
dns server:ns1.test.com
ip：192.168.1.168
www.test.com 192.168.1.168
二：安装过程
安装的目录是/usr/local/named, 所有的域名的文件都是放在 /usr/local/named/var下，这个路径需要注意，很多文章是在/var/named这个目录下，不过我觉得把所有的文件放在named的目录下，会更好。
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/named && make && make install
groupadd bind
useradd -g bind -d /usr/local/named -s /sbin/nologin bind
cd /usr/local/named/etc
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc-confgen > rndc.conf
cat rndc.conf > rndc.key
chmod 777 /usr/local/named/var
tail -10 rndc.conf | head -9 | sed s/#/ //g > named.conf
vi named.conf
添加下面内容(
#################
options {
directory "/usr/local/named/var"; //域名文件存放的绝对路径
pid-file "named.pid"; //如果bind启动，自动会在/usr/local/named/var目录生成一个named.pid文件，打开文件就是named进程的ID
};
zone "." IN {
type hint; //根域名服务器
file "named.root"; //存放在//usr/local/named/var目录，文件名为named.root
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master; //类型为主域名服务器
file "localhost.zone"; //本地正向解析的文件
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master; //类型为主域名服务器
file "named.local"; //本地反向解析的文件
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "test.com" IN { //建立test.com域
type master;
file "test.zone"; //test.com域映射IP地址可在此文件编写
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" in { //反向解析
type master;
file "test.local"; //存放反向解析的文件
allow-update { none; };
};
########################
cd /usr/local/named/var
1：named.root
dig @a.root-servers.net . ns > named.root
更多精彩内容：http://www.bianceng.cnhttp://www.bianceng.cn/Servers/DNS/
2：localhost.zone
##########
$TTL 86400
$ORIGIN localhost.
@ 1D IN SOA @ root (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
1D IN NS @
1D IN A 127.0.0.1
#############
3：named.local
###############
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS localhost.
1 IN PTR localhost.
####################
4：test.zone
############
$TTL 86400 ; 1 day
@ IN SOA ns1.test.com. root.test.com. (
2008050122 ; serial
28800 ; refresh (8 hours)
7200 ; retry (2 hours)
604800 ; expire (1 week)
86400 ; minimum (1 day)
)
NS ns1.test.com.
A 192.168.1.168
MX 10 mail.test.com.
www A 192.168.1.168
mail A 192.168.1.168
ns1 A 192.168.1.168
#########################
5：test.local
#############
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns1.test.com. root.test.com.(
20031001;
7200;
3600;
43200;
86400);
@ IN NS ns1.test.com.
168 IN PTR ns1.test.com.
##############
三：启动脚本
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/named
#!/bin/bash
# named a network name service.
# chkconfig: 345 35 75
# description: a name server
if [ `id -u` -ne 0 ]
then
echo "ERROR:For bind to port 53,must run as root."
exit 1
fi
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -x /usr/local/named/sbin/named ]; then
/usr/local/named/sbin/named -c /usr/local/named/etc/named.conf -u bind && echo . && echo 'BIND9 server started'
fi
;;
stop)
kill `cat /usr/local/named/var/named.pid` && echo . && echo 'BIND9 server stopped'
;;
restart)
echo .
echo "Restart BIND9 server"
$0 stop
sleep 10
$0 start
;;
reload)
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc reload
;;
status)
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc status
;;
*)
echo "$0 start | stop | restart |reload |status"
;;
esac
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/named
chkconfig --add named
service named start
四：启动测试
/usr/local/named/sbin/named -g
你可以看到启动的过程，如果你的配置文件有错误，所以你可以根据这个排错
启动服务测试一下
/usr/local/named/sbin/named -c /usr/local/named/etc/named.conf -u bind &
查看状态
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc status
启动服务
service named restart
编辑/etc/resolv.conf
修改这个文件，把本机的dns指向本机168
nslookup就可以测试了。